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Submit a ProposalVirtual Reality and Augmented Reality with 6G Communication
 | Edited by B. Sundaravadivazhagan, N. Gnanasankaran, C. Pethuru Raj, and A. Saleem Raja Copyright: 2025 | Expected Pub Date:2025// ISBN: 9781394336050 | Hardcover | 580 pages Price: $225 USD  |
One Line Description
Stay ahead of the technological curve with this essential book, which provides a comprehensive guide to the transformative convergence of Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and 6G communication.
Audience
Industry professionals, academics, researchers, business and industry professionals, and computer engineers involved in VR, AR, and 6G innovations
Industry professionals, academics, researchers, business and industry professionals, and computer engineers involved in VR, AR, and 6G innovations
Description
Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality with 6G Communication delves into the transformative landscape where cutting-edge technologies meet. This book explores the convergence of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) with groundbreaking 6G technology, providing a comprehensive examination of use cases, applications, and the challenges associated with this synergy. As we stand on the precipice of a technological renaissance, this book serves as a comprehensive guide, navigating the uncharted territories where immersive experiences meet cutting-edge connectivity. This book comprehensively covers the basics of these innovative technologies by diving into the foundational realms of VR, AR, and 6G technology. Through in-depth explanations, this essential reference provides a profound understanding of the intricate mechanisms that power these transformative domains, setting the stage for the unparalleled convergence that awaits.
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Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality with 6G Communication delves into the transformative landscape where cutting-edge technologies meet. This book explores the convergence of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) with groundbreaking 6G technology, providing a comprehensive examination of use cases, applications, and the challenges associated with this synergy. As we stand on the precipice of a technological renaissance, this book serves as a comprehensive guide, navigating the uncharted territories where immersive experiences meet cutting-edge connectivity. This book comprehensively covers the basics of these innovative technologies by diving into the foundational realms of VR, AR, and 6G technology. Through in-depth explanations, this essential reference provides a profound understanding of the intricate mechanisms that power these transformative domains, setting the stage for the unparalleled convergence that awaits.
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Author / Editor Details
B. Sundaravadivazhagan, PhD is faculty in the Department of Information Technology at the University of Technology and Applied Science with more than 21 years of experience. He has published more than 25 technical articles in international journals and conferences. His research interests include the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and machine learning, deep learning, cloud computing, and cybersecurity.
B. Sundaravadivazhagan, PhD is faculty in the Department of Information Technology at the University of Technology and Applied Science with more than 21 years of experience. He has published more than 25 technical articles in international journals and conferences. His research interests include the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and machine learning, deep learning, cloud computing, and cybersecurity.
N. Gnanasankaran, PhD is assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science at Thiagarajar College with more than 15 years of research and teaching experience. He has published more than 35 research articles in international journals and conferences, four books, and 14 book chapters, and holds eight patents. His areas of research focus on software engineering, data science, machine learning, big data, and IoT.
C. Pethuru Raj, PhD is a chief architect in the Edge AI division of Reliance Jio Platforms Ltd. with more than 22 years of experience. He has more than 130 publications to his credit, including books, chapters, and articles published in international journals and conferences. His research interests include cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, and smart cities.
Saleem Raja, PhD is an associate professor in the Department of Information Technology at the Shinas University of Technology and Applied Sciences with more than 16 years of research experience. He has published more than 25 research papers in national and international journals, conferences, and book chapters. His research interests include cybersecurity, machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, image processing, and the Internet of Things.
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Table of Contents
Preface
1. Introduction to Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
R. Niraimathi, A. Manjula, V. Chamundeeswari and S. Chitra Devi
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Virtual Reality (VR)
1.3 Augmented Reality (AR)
1.4 Early Developments in Virtual Reality
1.5 Early Developments in Augmented Reality
1.6 Features of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
1.6.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
1.6.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
1.7 Block Diagram of Virtual Reality Systems
1.7.1 Components of Virtual Reality (VR)
1.7.2 Components of Augmented Reality (AR)
1.8 Common Components in Both VR and AR
1.9 Working Principle of Virtual Reality (VR)
1.9.1 Technological Advancements in Virtual Reality (VR)
1.9.2 Technological Advancements in Augmented Reality (AR)
1.10 Applications of VR and AR in Various Domains
1.11 Benefits of VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality)
1.11.A Challenges of VR and AR
1.12 Role of 6G in Enhancing VR and AR
1.13 Conclusion
References
2. Principles and Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality
C. P. Shirley, Immanuel Johnraja Jebadurai, Getzi Jeba Leelipushpam Paulraj and P. Joyce Beryl Princess
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Demystifying VR and AR
2.3 Exploring the VR Experience
2.4 An Overview of VR Content Types: Games, Simulations, and Educational Experiences
2.5 Unveiling the Power of AR
2.6 The Future of VR and AR
2.7 Conclusion
References
3. Exploring 6G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Analysis
Nishant Kumar, Chandresh Parekha and Ravi Sheth
3.1 Introduction
3.2 What is 6G Technology
3.2.1 Definition and Concept of 6G Technology
3.2.2 Goals and Objectives of 6G
3.2.3 Architecture of 6G Technology
3.2.3.1 Core Building Blocks of 6G Architecture
3.2.3.2 Key Architectural Layers of 6G
3.2.4 Implication of 6G Technology
3.3 Enabling Technologies for 6G
3.3.1 Native AI in 6G
3.3.2 Advancements in Machine Learning for 6G
3.3.3 Terahertz Communication
3.3.4 Green Radio Access Networks (Green RAN)
3.3.5 Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC)
3.3.6 Machine-Type Communication (MTC)
3.3.7 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Communication
3.3.8 Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Technique
3.3.9 Intelligent Reflective Surfaces (IRS)
3.3.10 Visual Light Communication (VLC)
3.3.11 Quantum Communication and Quantum Machine Learning (QML)
3.4 Applications of 6G Technology
3.4.1 Industrial Automation
3.4.2 Internet of Space Things (IoST)
3.4.3 Digital Twins
3.4.4 Remote Medical Operations
3.4.5 Defense and Military Applications
3.4.6 Smart Cities
3.4.7 Internet of Everything
3.4.8 Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI)
3.4.9 Precision Agriculture
3.4.10 Immersive Education and Training
3.5 6G Implementation Challenges and Limitations
3.5.1 Sustainability and Green Technologies in 6G: Addressing Environmental Challenges
3.5.2 Infrastructure Upgrade Challenges for Deployment of 6G
3.5.3 Controlling High Power Consumption in 6G Technology
3.5.4 Global 6G Coverage
3.5.5 Implementation Cost
3.5.6 Advanced AI/ML Integration
3.5.7 Ultra-Low Latency and Advanced Integration
3.5.8 Spectrum Availability and Allocation Challenges in 6G
3.5.9 Security and Privacy Concerns
3.5.10 THz Wireless Communication Challenges in 6G Networks
3.5.11 Technical Skills and Workforce Development in 6G Deployment
3.6 Research Area of 6G
3.7 Conclusion
Bibliography
4. Convergence of VR/AR with 6G: Challenges and Solutions
Krithikha Sanju S. and Vijaya Lakshmi A.
4.1 Introduction to VR, AR, and 6G Technologies
4.1.1 Virtual Reality (VR) in the 6G Era
4.1.1.1 The Growth and Importance of VR
4.1.1.2 How 6G Will Change VR
4.1.2 Introduction to Augmented Reality in the Age of 6G
4.1.2.1 Rise and Relevance of Augmented Reality
4.1.2.2 How 6G Will Revolutionize AR
4.2 Evolution from 4G/5G to 6G: What’s the Difference in 6G?
4.3 Role of VR/AR in the Digital Landscape
4.3.1 Technological Synergies: The Harmony Between VR, AR, and 6G
4.3.2 Ultra-Low Latency and High-Speed Connectivity in 6G
4.3.3 Advancing Immersive Experiences with VR/AR and 6G
4.3.4 Role of AI and Edge Computing in Optimizing VR/AR Performance
4.4 Potential Impact of AR/VR with 6G on Key Sectors
4.5 Transformative Applications in Healthcare
4.5.1 Telemedicine
4.5.2 VR-Based Surgeries
4.5.3 Assisted Diagnosis
4.5.4 Improving the Patient Experience
4.6 Under Education, Immersive Learning Platforms and Virtual Classrooms
4.6.1 Immersive Learning Platforms
4.6.2 Virtual Classrooms
4.6.3 Evolving Roles of Educators
4.7 Entertainment: Video Games and Live Virtual Reality Concerts
4.7.1 Live VR Concerts
4.8 Remote Work: VR Techniques for Working from Office and Virtual Meetings
4.8.1 VR Offices
4.8.2 Virtual Collaborations
4.9 Challenge: Safe Practice and Training in Adverse Context
4.9.1 Training Through Virtual and Augmented Reality for Hazardous Environment
4.9.2 Challenges in Current Systems
4.9.3 Function of 6G in the Development of VR/AR Training
4.9.4 Synchronous Connectivity and Cloud Calculations
4.10 Addressing Challenges
4.11 Conclusion
References
5. Role of 6G Technologies in Telecommunication and Advancement
Kanthavel R., Dhaya R. and Adline Freeda R.
5.1 Introduction to 6G Technologies
5.2 Limitations of Current 5G Networks
5.3 Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) in 6G
5.4 Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) in 6G
5.5 Massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) in 6G
5.6 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in 6G
5.7 Global Impact of 6G Technologies
5.8 Security and Privacy Considerations in 6G
5.9 Future Outlook and Challenges for 6G Deployment
5.10 Conclusion
References
6. Impact of Virtual and Augmented Reality with 6G Communication: Applications and Challenges
M. Jaithoon Bibi and V. Kavitha
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Key Features of 6G Communication
6.3 Features of AR and VR
6.4 Impact of 6G on Virtual Reality (VR)
6.5 Impact of 6G on Augmented Reality (AR)
6.6 Convergence of VR, AR, and 6G
6.7 Key Applications of 6G-Enabled VR/AR
6.8 Challenges and Considerations
6.9 Future Directions and Opportunities
6.10 Conclusion
Bibliography
7. Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms and Cognitive Approach for VR, AR Model Building
R. Mahalakshmi Priya, J. Naveen Ananda Kumar, C. Jayapratha, T.S. Urmila and M. Sumathi
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 The Functioning of VR Technology
7.1.2 Different Types of Virtual Reality
7.1.3 Components of Virtual Reality
7.1.3.1 Why is Virtual Reality Important?
7.1.3.2 Mixed Reality
7.1.4 Overview of AI’s Role in VR and AR
7.1.4.1 Enhancing User Interaction and Personalization
7.1.4.2 Real-Time Image and Speech Recognition
7.1.4.3 Intelligent Virtual Characters and Agents
7.1.4.4 Improved Content Generation and Dynamic Environments
7.1.4.5 Enhanced Data Analytics and User Insights
7.1.5 Importance of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Cognitive Approaches in Immersive Technologies
7.1.5.1 Combined Impact on Immersive Technologies
7.2 Neural Networks for Enhanced Interaction
7.2.1 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for Object Recognition
7.2.2 Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Experiences
7.3 Cognitive Approaches: Mimicking Human Thought Processes
7.3.1 User-Centric Design and Personalization
7.4 Core Applications in VR and AR: Bridging ML, DL, and Cognitive Models
7.4.1 Real-Time Object Tracking
7.4.2 Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Voice Commands
7.4.3 Dynamic Environment Generation
7.4.4 Computational Power and Performance
7.4.5 Integration of Diverse Technologies
7.4.6 User Experience Design
7.4.7 Privacy and Ethical Considerations
7.4.8 Computational Limitations
7.4.9 Latency Issues
7.5 Emerging Trends and Future Directions
7.5.1 Multimodal Learning Systems
7.5.2 AI-Generated Virtual Environments
7.6 Pros and Cons of AI in Virtual Reality
7.6.1 Conclusion
7.6.2 Future Developments of AI for Virtual Reality Applications
References
8. Challenges in Integrating Machine Learning and Deep Learning with VR/AR
Elakkiya Elango, Gnanasankaran Natarajan, Ahamed Labbe Hanees and Indrani Balasundaram
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Related Work
8.2 Applications of Machine Learning in AR and VR
8.3 Deep Learning for AR and VR
8.3.1 The Following are a Few Applications of Deep Learning in VR/AR
8.3.1.1 Recognition of Objects
8.3.1.2 This is an Illustration of the Application of Object Recognition in VR/AR
8.3.2 Image Segmentation
8.3.3 Object Occlusion/Depth Estimation
8.3.4 3D Object Reconstruction
8.3.5 Both Inside-Out and Outside-In Tracking
8.3.6 Comparison
8.3.7 Mapping and Localization
8.4 Computer Vision in VR/AR
8.4.1 How Computer Vision in AR and VR Works
8.4.1.1 Detecting Objects
8.4.1.2 Allowing Gaze Tracking
8.5 Immersion Innovations: How the Next Decade is Being Shaped by AR, VR, and XR
8.5.1 Understanding the Fundamentals of AR, VR, and XR
8.5.1.1 The Main Benefits of These Technologies for Businesses as Shown in Figure 8.1
8.5.1.2 AR, VR, and XR: Promoting Transformation in a Variety of Industries
8.5.2 Immersive Technology Market Size and Trends
8.5.2.1 Features of the Global Immersive Technology Market
8.5.2.2 Recent Developments
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Transforming the Learning Experience with AI Tools
Gnanasankaran Natarajan, S.R. Raja, Elakkiya Elango and Sandhya Soman
9.1 A Brief Introduction to VR, AR, and AI
9.1.1 Unveiling World of VR: An Immersive Journey
9.1.1.1 Key Components of VR
9.1.1.2 Beyond the Visual
9.1.1.3 Applications of VR
9.1.2 Unveiling the World of Augmented Reality: An Immersive Blend of Reality and Digital Magic
9.1.2.1 What is Augmented Reality
9.1.2.2 Key Components of AR
9.1.2.3 Benefits and Applications of AR
9.1.2.4 The Future of AR
9.1.3 Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Introduction
9.1.3.1 Defining AI
9.1.3.2 Types of AI
9.1.3.3 Applications of AI
9.1.3.4 The Future of AI
9.2 The Transformative Trio: VR, AR, and AI in Education
9.2.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
9.2.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
9.2.3 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
9.2.4 The Synergistic Effect
9.2.5 Challenges and Considerations
9.3 AI-Powered Enhancements: Boosting AR and VR Applications in Education
9.3.1 Natural Language Processing (NLP)
9.3.2 Computer Vision and Object Recognition
9.3.3 Machine Learning and Adaptive Learning
9.3.4 Generative AI and Gamification
9.3.5 Benefits of AI-Powered AR/VR in Education
9.3.6 Challenges and Considerations on the Role of VR/AR in Education
9.4 The Immersive Impact: How AR and VR are Revolutionizing Skill Learning
9.4.1 Immersive Simulation and Practice
9.4.2 Gamification and Increased Engagement
9.4.3 Improved Visualization and Spatial Awareness
9.4.4 Increased Accessibility and Flexibility
9.4.5 Examples of Skill-Learning Applications
9.4.6 Challenges in Skill Learning
9.5 AI-Powered Immersive Simulations: Bridging the Gap Among Theory and Practice
9.5.1 Personalized and Adaptive Learning
9.5.2 Safe and Controlled Practice Environments
9.5.3 Immersive Role Playing and Decision Making
9.5.4 Real-Time Feedback and Performance Analysis
9.5.5 Examples of AI-Powered Immersive Simulations
9.5.6 Challenges in AI Powered Immersive Simulations
9.6 State-of-the-Art Tools for Online Education and Skill Learning Using VR/AR Technology
9.6.1 Engage
9.6.2 AltspaceVR
9.6.3 Acadicus
9.6.4 Mirage XR
9.6.5 Unity MARS
9.6.6 Wonda VR
9.6.7 Immersed
9.7 Challenges and Considerations for Using AR, VR, and AI in Education
9.7.1 Cost and Accessibility
9.7.2 Content Development and Quality
9.7.3 Technical Challenges and User Experience
9.7.4 Ethical Considerations and Potential Risks
9.7.5 Teacher Training and Support
9.8 The Synergistic Symphony: Merging AR, VR, and AI for Transformative Education
9.8.1 Immersive Learning Experiences
9.8.2 Personalized Learning Pathways
9.8.3 Enhanced Skill Development
9.8.4 Fostering Collaboration and Communication
9.8.5 Accessibility and Inclusivity
9.8.6 Beyond the Possibilities
9.8.7 Challenges in Merging, AR, VAR and AL for Transformative Education
9.9 Conclusion
9.10 Future Directions of AI, VR, and AR in Online Education
References
10. Enhancing Heritage and Cultural Education through Immersive Audio-Visual Techniques
Ajith Paul, Biju Kunnumpurath, Balakrishnan C., Selvakumar Ramachandran and Anitha Suseelan
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Evolution of Technology in Education
10.2.1 Shift Toward Digital and Personalized Learning
10.2.2 Impact of Technology on Educational Systems
10.2.3 Importance of Preserving Heritage and Cultural Elements through Technology
10.3 Overview of Immersive Media Technologies (VR, AR, AI)
10.3.1 Transformation Using Technology
10.4 The Rise of Hybrid Classrooms
10.4.1 Definition and Characteristics of Hybrid Classrooms
10.4.2 Role of Immersive Technologies in Hybrid Learning
10.4.3 Benefits of Hybrid Learning Environments
10.4.4 Challenges in Implementing Hybrid Classrooms
10.5 Current Applications of Immersive Technologies in Heritage and Cultural Education
10.6 Use Cases and Applications
10.6.1 Virtual Museum Tours with Spatial Audio
10.6.2 AR-Enhanced Archaeological Site Visits
10.7 Future of Immersive Technologies in Heritage and Cultural Education
Acknowledgement
References
11. The Impact of VR and AR in Gaming and Entertainment
Prakash J., Anitha G. and Gnanasankaran Natarajan
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Evolution of VR and AR in Gaming and Entertainment
Conclusion
References
12. AI Avatars in Immersive Environments for Communication Skill Training
Twinkle Sara Joseph, Biju Kunnumpurath, Anand Bhojan and Mahalakshmi J.
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Educational AI Avatars
12.1.2 AI Avatars as an Aid for Immersive Learning
12.1.3 Computer-Based Tutoring for Enhanced Learning
12.1.4 Defining AI Avatars
12.1.5 AI Avatars in Simulated Learning Environments
12.1.6 Impact of AI Avatar on Communication Skill Enhancement
12.1.7 Feedback Mechanism of AI Avatars
12.2 Data Analysis
12.3 Findings and Discussion
12.3.1 Realism in AI Avatar Simulations
12.3.1.1 Voice Modulation
12.3.1.2 Physical Appearance
12.3.1.3 Accuracy of AI Avatar Responses (Timely, Contextually Appropriate)
12.3.1.4 AI Avatar’s Ability to Express Emotions (Happiness, Frustration)
12.3.1.5 Impact of Simulation Settings in the Virtual Environment
12.3.1.6 Realism in Simulating an Interpersonal Scenario
12.3.1.7 Effective Simulations of Public Speaking Pressures
12.3.1.8 AI Avatars in Handling Conflict Resolution Scenarios
12.3.1.9 Scenario in Which AI Avatar Simulations are Accurate
12.3.1.10 Realism in AI Avatar’s Tone (Rhythm, Tone, Pitch)
12.3.1.11 Realism in Facial Expressions and Gestures of the AI Avatar
12.3.2 The Role of Verbal and Non-Verbal Cues in Virtual Space
12.3.2.1 AI Avatar-Based Interaction for the Improved Articulation of Communication
12.3.2.2 Improvement in the Pace of the Speech
12.3.2.3 Enhancement of Verbal Clarity in Communication
12.3.2.4 Maintaining Eye Contact after AI Avatar-Based Training
12.3.2.5 Aware of Body Language after Training
12.3.2.6 Effectively Use Facial Expressions after Training
12.3.2.7 Application of Non-Verbal Cues in Different Communication Scenarios
Effectively after Training
12.3.3 The Impact of Feedback Provided by the AI Avatars in the Virtual World
12.3.3.1 Effectiveness in Providing Constructive Feedback by Human Trainers and AI Avatars for Non-Verbal Communication
12.3.3.2 AI Avatars vs. Human Trainers
12.3.3.3 Rating of Experience in AI Avatars and Human Trainers
12.3.3.4 Impact of AI-Generated Feedback
12.3.3.5 AI Avatars in Identifying and Correcting Communication Errors
12.3.3.6 AI-Generated Feedback in Aiding Improvement in Communication Over Time
12.3.3.7 Immediacy of AI-Generated Feedback (Receiving Feedback in Real Time)
12.3.3.8 Tone of AI-Generated Feedback (Encouraging, Neutral, Critical)
12.3.3.9 Aspect of AI-Generated Feedback That is Most Effective
12.3.3.10 Comparison of Feedback from AI Avatars and Human Trainers
12.3.3.11 Type of Feedback that Impacted the Most (AI-Based or Human-Based)
12.3.4 Effectiveness of AI Avatar-Based Training
12.3.4.1 Specific Skill Enhancement after AI Avatar-Based Training (Public Speaking, Active Listening)
12.3.4.2 Improvement in Communication Using AI Avatars Compared to the Traditional Methods of Learning
12.3.4.3 Preference for Training Method (AI Avatar-Driven or Traditional Methods)
12.3.4.4 Application of Gained Skills from AI Avatar Training in Real-Life Situations
(Comparison with Traditional Methods of Learning)
12.4 Conclusion
References
13. The Role of VR and AR in Intelligent Computing: Applications in Psychology and Autism
S. Sajithabanu, S.T. Devika, S. Deeba and Jose Anand A.
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Background: VR, AR, and Intelligent Computing
13.3 Purpose and Scope
13.4 Literature Review
13.5 Methodology
13.6 Applications of VR and AR in Psychological Interventions
13.7 VR and AR in ASD Interventions
13.8 Case Studies and Research Findings
13.9 Challenges and Ethical Considerations
13.10 Proposed System
13.11 Experimental Results
13.11.1 Social Skills Development
13.11.2 Sensory Processing and Emotional Regulation
13.11.3 Behavioral Management and Adaptive Skills
13.11.4 Emerging Trends in AI-Driven VR/AR Interventions
13.11.5 Summary of Findings
13.12 Conclusion
13.13 Future Enhancements
References
14. Navigating 6G in Healthcare: A Review of Intelligent Systems, Challenges, and Future Trends
K. Gowri, B.L. Shivakumar and V. Kavitha
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 Context and Motivation
14.2 Intelligent Systems in Healthcare
14.2.1 Smart Medical Devices
14.2.2 Telemedicine and Virtual Care
14.2.3 Data Analytics and Decision Support
14.2.3.1 Predictive Analytics
14.3 Challenges in Implementing 6G in Healthcare
14.3.1 Infrastructure Limitations
14.3.2 Data Security and Privacy Concerns in 6G Healthcare
14.3.3 Interoperability Issues
14.3.4 Cost and Resource Constraints
14.4 Future Trends in 6G Healthcare Solutions
14.4.1 Enhanced Connectivity and Speed
14.4.2 AI and Machine Learning Integration
14.4.2.1 Intelligent Automation in Healthcare Workflows
14.4.2.2 Advancements in Personalized Medicine
14.4.3 Augmented and Virtual Reality in Healthcare
14.5 Case Studies
14.5.1 Comparison of 5G vs. 6G Implementations
14.6 Conclusion
References
15. Future of Medicine: Integrating VR, AR, and 6G
Akash Uttekar, Samaya Pillai, Abhijit Chirputkar and Venkatesh Iyengar
15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 6G Technology
15.1.2 5G Use in Healthcare: The Future is Present
15.2 Review of Earlier Work
15.3 Various Technologies Used
15.3.1 Digital Twin
15.3.2 Blockchain
15.3.3 AR/VR in Surgery
15.3.4 VR in Surgery
15.4 Use Cases
15.4.1 Current Trends and Future Directions
15.5 Conclusion
References
16. Perspective from Industry 5.0: The Use of AR and VR in Edge Computing for Sustainable Manufacturing
J. Shanthini, M. Shobana, R.M. Bhavadharini, V. Sampath and Karthi Palanisamy
16.1 Introduction
16.1.1 Introduction to Industry 5.0 and Sustainable Manufacturing
16.1.2 Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): Key Enablers of Industry 5.0
16.1.3 Role of Edge Computing in Industry 5.0
16.1.3.1 AR/VR and Edge – Long-Term Sustainability
16.1.3.2 Industrial Applications’ Advantages with Edge Computing
16.1.3.3 Edge Computing’s Contribution to Sustainability
16.2 Rising Role of AR/VR and Edge Computing in Industrial Automation
16.2.1 Predictive Maintenance and Remote Assistance
16.2.1.1 Use Case
16.2.2 Prototyping and Simulation
16.2.2.1 Use Case
16.2.3 Quality Control: Enhanced Product Inspection
16.2.3.1 PTC’s Vuforia Step Check
16.2.3.2 Porsche’s Inno Space, for Quality Management Work
16.2.4 Improved Supply Chain Efficiency through Time Tracking
16.3 Challenges and Future Directions
Conclusion
References
17. Efficient Mixed Tracking of AR and VR Applications
Rakesh Gnanasekaran and Gnanasankaran Natarajan
Introduction
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Mixed Based Reality
Sensor Involved Based Tracking
Vision-Involved Tracking
Features of Tracking System
Conclusion
Bibliography
18. Role of VR and AR in Industry 5.0 and Smart Manufacturing
S.R. Raja, B. Subashini, Gnanasankaran Natarajan and J. Relin Francis Raj
VR for Manufacturing
VR Prototyping
VR Factory Floor Planning
Safety Training with VR
Space Optimization and Layout Simulation
Inspection and Quality Control
VR in Marketing and Product Promotion
The Role of Virtual Reality (VR) in Modern Manufacturing
VR for Prototyping
Planning the Factory Floor with VR
Enhancing Safety Training
Optimizing Space and Workflow
Inspection and Quality Control
VR in Marketing and Customer Engagement
Virtual Reality in Manufacturing
AR in Manufacturing
Benefits of Virtual Reality in Manufacturing
Augmented Reality Use Cases
Advantages of Augmented Reality
Difference Between AR and VR
Different Types of Immersive User Experience Technologies
Types of Technology Are Used in Augmented Reality
Use Cases for AR in Smart Manufacturing
Logistics
Overcoming Challenges in AR Adoption
AR and VR in Industry 5.0 and Smart Manufacturing
Augmented Reality (AR)
Virtual Reality (VR)
How Virtual Reality (VR) is Transforming the Manufacturing Industry
VR Applications Beyond Manufacturing
Introduction to Augmented Reality (AR) in Manufacturing
Key Features of AR in Smart Manufacturing
Use Cases of Augmented Reality (AR) in Manufacturing
Conclusion
References
19. VR and AR Use Cases and Applications
C. P. Shirley, Immanuel Johnraja Jebadurai, Getzi Jeba Leelipushpam Paulraj and S. Thanga Helina
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Overview of VR and AR Technologies
19.3 Use Cases of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
19.3.1 Gaming and Entertainment
19.3.2 Healthcare and Medicine
19.3.3 Education and Training
19.3.4 Real Estate and Architecture
19.3.5 Retail and E-Commerce
19.3.6 Other Notable Applications
19.4 Case Studies and Real-World Examples
19.5 Challenges and Limitations of VR and AR Applications
19.6 Future Trends and Opportunities
19.7 Conclusion
References
20. Transformative Impact of VR and AR: Future Trends and Challenges
M. T. Vasumathi, Manju Sadasivan and Asha V.
20.1 Introduction
20.1.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
20.1.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
20.2 Application Areas of Virtual Reality
20.2.1 Gaming and Environment
20.2.2 VR in Education and Training
20.2.3 Industrial Training
20.2.4 Virtual Reality in Rehabilitation and Therapy
20.2.5 VR in Military and Defense
20.2.6 VR in Real Estate and Architecture
20.2.7 VR in Tourism and Exploration
20.3 Applications of Augmented Reality
20.3.1 AR in Retail and E-Commerce
20.3.2 AR in Healthcare
20.3.3 AR in Navigation and Mapping
20.3.4 AR in Maintenance and Repair
20.3.5 AR in Marketing and Advertising
20.3.6 AR in Social Media
20.3.6.1 Benefits of Social Media Marketing
20.3.6.2 Opportunities and Ethical Challenges
20.3.6.3 Examples of AR in Social Media
20.3.7 Other Applications
20.4 AR/VR Use Cases
20.4.1 An Interactive Augmented Reality System for Teaching Lightwave Concepts
20.4.2 An Immersive Virtual Reality System for Personalized Chronic Pain Management
20.5 Challenges and Future Directions of AR and VR
20.6 Conclusion
References
Index
Back to Top
Preface
1. Introduction to Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
R. Niraimathi, A. Manjula, V. Chamundeeswari and S. Chitra Devi
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Virtual Reality (VR)
1.3 Augmented Reality (AR)
1.4 Early Developments in Virtual Reality
1.5 Early Developments in Augmented Reality
1.6 Features of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
1.6.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
1.6.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
1.7 Block Diagram of Virtual Reality Systems
1.7.1 Components of Virtual Reality (VR)
1.7.2 Components of Augmented Reality (AR)
1.8 Common Components in Both VR and AR
1.9 Working Principle of Virtual Reality (VR)
1.9.1 Technological Advancements in Virtual Reality (VR)
1.9.2 Technological Advancements in Augmented Reality (AR)
1.10 Applications of VR and AR in Various Domains
1.11 Benefits of VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality)
1.11.A Challenges of VR and AR
1.12 Role of 6G in Enhancing VR and AR
1.13 Conclusion
References
2. Principles and Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality
C. P. Shirley, Immanuel Johnraja Jebadurai, Getzi Jeba Leelipushpam Paulraj and P. Joyce Beryl Princess
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Demystifying VR and AR
2.3 Exploring the VR Experience
2.4 An Overview of VR Content Types: Games, Simulations, and Educational Experiences
2.5 Unveiling the Power of AR
2.6 The Future of VR and AR
2.7 Conclusion
References
3. Exploring 6G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Analysis
Nishant Kumar, Chandresh Parekha and Ravi Sheth
3.1 Introduction
3.2 What is 6G Technology
3.2.1 Definition and Concept of 6G Technology
3.2.2 Goals and Objectives of 6G
3.2.3 Architecture of 6G Technology
3.2.3.1 Core Building Blocks of 6G Architecture
3.2.3.2 Key Architectural Layers of 6G
3.2.4 Implication of 6G Technology
3.3 Enabling Technologies for 6G
3.3.1 Native AI in 6G
3.3.2 Advancements in Machine Learning for 6G
3.3.3 Terahertz Communication
3.3.4 Green Radio Access Networks (Green RAN)
3.3.5 Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC)
3.3.6 Machine-Type Communication (MTC)
3.3.7 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Communication
3.3.8 Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) Technique
3.3.9 Intelligent Reflective Surfaces (IRS)
3.3.10 Visual Light Communication (VLC)
3.3.11 Quantum Communication and Quantum Machine Learning (QML)
3.4 Applications of 6G Technology
3.4.1 Industrial Automation
3.4.2 Internet of Space Things (IoST)
3.4.3 Digital Twins
3.4.4 Remote Medical Operations
3.4.5 Defense and Military Applications
3.4.6 Smart Cities
3.4.7 Internet of Everything
3.4.8 Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI)
3.4.9 Precision Agriculture
3.4.10 Immersive Education and Training
3.5 6G Implementation Challenges and Limitations
3.5.1 Sustainability and Green Technologies in 6G: Addressing Environmental Challenges
3.5.2 Infrastructure Upgrade Challenges for Deployment of 6G
3.5.3 Controlling High Power Consumption in 6G Technology
3.5.4 Global 6G Coverage
3.5.5 Implementation Cost
3.5.6 Advanced AI/ML Integration
3.5.7 Ultra-Low Latency and Advanced Integration
3.5.8 Spectrum Availability and Allocation Challenges in 6G
3.5.9 Security and Privacy Concerns
3.5.10 THz Wireless Communication Challenges in 6G Networks
3.5.11 Technical Skills and Workforce Development in 6G Deployment
3.6 Research Area of 6G
3.7 Conclusion
Bibliography
4. Convergence of VR/AR with 6G: Challenges and Solutions
Krithikha Sanju S. and Vijaya Lakshmi A.
4.1 Introduction to VR, AR, and 6G Technologies
4.1.1 Virtual Reality (VR) in the 6G Era
4.1.1.1 The Growth and Importance of VR
4.1.1.2 How 6G Will Change VR
4.1.2 Introduction to Augmented Reality in the Age of 6G
4.1.2.1 Rise and Relevance of Augmented Reality
4.1.2.2 How 6G Will Revolutionize AR
4.2 Evolution from 4G/5G to 6G: What’s the Difference in 6G?
4.3 Role of VR/AR in the Digital Landscape
4.3.1 Technological Synergies: The Harmony Between VR, AR, and 6G
4.3.2 Ultra-Low Latency and High-Speed Connectivity in 6G
4.3.3 Advancing Immersive Experiences with VR/AR and 6G
4.3.4 Role of AI and Edge Computing in Optimizing VR/AR Performance
4.4 Potential Impact of AR/VR with 6G on Key Sectors
4.5 Transformative Applications in Healthcare
4.5.1 Telemedicine
4.5.2 VR-Based Surgeries
4.5.3 Assisted Diagnosis
4.5.4 Improving the Patient Experience
4.6 Under Education, Immersive Learning Platforms and Virtual Classrooms
4.6.1 Immersive Learning Platforms
4.6.2 Virtual Classrooms
4.6.3 Evolving Roles of Educators
4.7 Entertainment: Video Games and Live Virtual Reality Concerts
4.7.1 Live VR Concerts
4.8 Remote Work: VR Techniques for Working from Office and Virtual Meetings
4.8.1 VR Offices
4.8.2 Virtual Collaborations
4.9 Challenge: Safe Practice and Training in Adverse Context
4.9.1 Training Through Virtual and Augmented Reality for Hazardous Environment
4.9.2 Challenges in Current Systems
4.9.3 Function of 6G in the Development of VR/AR Training
4.9.4 Synchronous Connectivity and Cloud Calculations
4.10 Addressing Challenges
4.11 Conclusion
References
5. Role of 6G Technologies in Telecommunication and Advancement
Kanthavel R., Dhaya R. and Adline Freeda R.
5.1 Introduction to 6G Technologies
5.2 Limitations of Current 5G Networks
5.3 Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) in 6G
5.4 Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) in 6G
5.5 Massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) in 6G
5.6 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in 6G
5.7 Global Impact of 6G Technologies
5.8 Security and Privacy Considerations in 6G
5.9 Future Outlook and Challenges for 6G Deployment
5.10 Conclusion
References
6. Impact of Virtual and Augmented Reality with 6G Communication: Applications and Challenges
M. Jaithoon Bibi and V. Kavitha
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Key Features of 6G Communication
6.3 Features of AR and VR
6.4 Impact of 6G on Virtual Reality (VR)
6.5 Impact of 6G on Augmented Reality (AR)
6.6 Convergence of VR, AR, and 6G
6.7 Key Applications of 6G-Enabled VR/AR
6.8 Challenges and Considerations
6.9 Future Directions and Opportunities
6.10 Conclusion
Bibliography
7. Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms and Cognitive Approach for VR, AR Model Building
R. Mahalakshmi Priya, J. Naveen Ananda Kumar, C. Jayapratha, T.S. Urmila and M. Sumathi
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 The Functioning of VR Technology
7.1.2 Different Types of Virtual Reality
7.1.3 Components of Virtual Reality
7.1.3.1 Why is Virtual Reality Important?
7.1.3.2 Mixed Reality
7.1.4 Overview of AI’s Role in VR and AR
7.1.4.1 Enhancing User Interaction and Personalization
7.1.4.2 Real-Time Image and Speech Recognition
7.1.4.3 Intelligent Virtual Characters and Agents
7.1.4.4 Improved Content Generation and Dynamic Environments
7.1.4.5 Enhanced Data Analytics and User Insights
7.1.5 Importance of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Cognitive Approaches in Immersive Technologies
7.1.5.1 Combined Impact on Immersive Technologies
7.2 Neural Networks for Enhanced Interaction
7.2.1 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for Object Recognition
7.2.2 Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Experiences
7.3 Cognitive Approaches: Mimicking Human Thought Processes
7.3.1 User-Centric Design and Personalization
7.4 Core Applications in VR and AR: Bridging ML, DL, and Cognitive Models
7.4.1 Real-Time Object Tracking
7.4.2 Natural Language Processing (NLP) for Voice Commands
7.4.3 Dynamic Environment Generation
7.4.4 Computational Power and Performance
7.4.5 Integration of Diverse Technologies
7.4.6 User Experience Design
7.4.7 Privacy and Ethical Considerations
7.4.8 Computational Limitations
7.4.9 Latency Issues
7.5 Emerging Trends and Future Directions
7.5.1 Multimodal Learning Systems
7.5.2 AI-Generated Virtual Environments
7.6 Pros and Cons of AI in Virtual Reality
7.6.1 Conclusion
7.6.2 Future Developments of AI for Virtual Reality Applications
References
8. Challenges in Integrating Machine Learning and Deep Learning with VR/AR
Elakkiya Elango, Gnanasankaran Natarajan, Ahamed Labbe Hanees and Indrani Balasundaram
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Related Work
8.2 Applications of Machine Learning in AR and VR
8.3 Deep Learning for AR and VR
8.3.1 The Following are a Few Applications of Deep Learning in VR/AR
8.3.1.1 Recognition of Objects
8.3.1.2 This is an Illustration of the Application of Object Recognition in VR/AR
8.3.2 Image Segmentation
8.3.3 Object Occlusion/Depth Estimation
8.3.4 3D Object Reconstruction
8.3.5 Both Inside-Out and Outside-In Tracking
8.3.6 Comparison
8.3.7 Mapping and Localization
8.4 Computer Vision in VR/AR
8.4.1 How Computer Vision in AR and VR Works
8.4.1.1 Detecting Objects
8.4.1.2 Allowing Gaze Tracking
8.5 Immersion Innovations: How the Next Decade is Being Shaped by AR, VR, and XR
8.5.1 Understanding the Fundamentals of AR, VR, and XR
8.5.1.1 The Main Benefits of These Technologies for Businesses as Shown in Figure 8.1
8.5.1.2 AR, VR, and XR: Promoting Transformation in a Variety of Industries
8.5.2 Immersive Technology Market Size and Trends
8.5.2.1 Features of the Global Immersive Technology Market
8.5.2.2 Recent Developments
8.6 Conclusion
References
9. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Transforming the Learning Experience with AI Tools
Gnanasankaran Natarajan, S.R. Raja, Elakkiya Elango and Sandhya Soman
9.1 A Brief Introduction to VR, AR, and AI
9.1.1 Unveiling World of VR: An Immersive Journey
9.1.1.1 Key Components of VR
9.1.1.2 Beyond the Visual
9.1.1.3 Applications of VR
9.1.2 Unveiling the World of Augmented Reality: An Immersive Blend of Reality and Digital Magic
9.1.2.1 What is Augmented Reality
9.1.2.2 Key Components of AR
9.1.2.3 Benefits and Applications of AR
9.1.2.4 The Future of AR
9.1.3 Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Introduction
9.1.3.1 Defining AI
9.1.3.2 Types of AI
9.1.3.3 Applications of AI
9.1.3.4 The Future of AI
9.2 The Transformative Trio: VR, AR, and AI in Education
9.2.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
9.2.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
9.2.3 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
9.2.4 The Synergistic Effect
9.2.5 Challenges and Considerations
9.3 AI-Powered Enhancements: Boosting AR and VR Applications in Education
9.3.1 Natural Language Processing (NLP)
9.3.2 Computer Vision and Object Recognition
9.3.3 Machine Learning and Adaptive Learning
9.3.4 Generative AI and Gamification
9.3.5 Benefits of AI-Powered AR/VR in Education
9.3.6 Challenges and Considerations on the Role of VR/AR in Education
9.4 The Immersive Impact: How AR and VR are Revolutionizing Skill Learning
9.4.1 Immersive Simulation and Practice
9.4.2 Gamification and Increased Engagement
9.4.3 Improved Visualization and Spatial Awareness
9.4.4 Increased Accessibility and Flexibility
9.4.5 Examples of Skill-Learning Applications
9.4.6 Challenges in Skill Learning
9.5 AI-Powered Immersive Simulations: Bridging the Gap Among Theory and Practice
9.5.1 Personalized and Adaptive Learning
9.5.2 Safe and Controlled Practice Environments
9.5.3 Immersive Role Playing and Decision Making
9.5.4 Real-Time Feedback and Performance Analysis
9.5.5 Examples of AI-Powered Immersive Simulations
9.5.6 Challenges in AI Powered Immersive Simulations
9.6 State-of-the-Art Tools for Online Education and Skill Learning Using VR/AR Technology
9.6.1 Engage
9.6.2 AltspaceVR
9.6.3 Acadicus
9.6.4 Mirage XR
9.6.5 Unity MARS
9.6.6 Wonda VR
9.6.7 Immersed
9.7 Challenges and Considerations for Using AR, VR, and AI in Education
9.7.1 Cost and Accessibility
9.7.2 Content Development and Quality
9.7.3 Technical Challenges and User Experience
9.7.4 Ethical Considerations and Potential Risks
9.7.5 Teacher Training and Support
9.8 The Synergistic Symphony: Merging AR, VR, and AI for Transformative Education
9.8.1 Immersive Learning Experiences
9.8.2 Personalized Learning Pathways
9.8.3 Enhanced Skill Development
9.8.4 Fostering Collaboration and Communication
9.8.5 Accessibility and Inclusivity
9.8.6 Beyond the Possibilities
9.8.7 Challenges in Merging, AR, VAR and AL for Transformative Education
9.9 Conclusion
9.10 Future Directions of AI, VR, and AR in Online Education
References
10. Enhancing Heritage and Cultural Education through Immersive Audio-Visual Techniques
Ajith Paul, Biju Kunnumpurath, Balakrishnan C., Selvakumar Ramachandran and Anitha Suseelan
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Evolution of Technology in Education
10.2.1 Shift Toward Digital and Personalized Learning
10.2.2 Impact of Technology on Educational Systems
10.2.3 Importance of Preserving Heritage and Cultural Elements through Technology
10.3 Overview of Immersive Media Technologies (VR, AR, AI)
10.3.1 Transformation Using Technology
10.4 The Rise of Hybrid Classrooms
10.4.1 Definition and Characteristics of Hybrid Classrooms
10.4.2 Role of Immersive Technologies in Hybrid Learning
10.4.3 Benefits of Hybrid Learning Environments
10.4.4 Challenges in Implementing Hybrid Classrooms
10.5 Current Applications of Immersive Technologies in Heritage and Cultural Education
10.6 Use Cases and Applications
10.6.1 Virtual Museum Tours with Spatial Audio
10.6.2 AR-Enhanced Archaeological Site Visits
10.7 Future of Immersive Technologies in Heritage and Cultural Education
Acknowledgement
References
11. The Impact of VR and AR in Gaming and Entertainment
Prakash J., Anitha G. and Gnanasankaran Natarajan
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Evolution of VR and AR in Gaming and Entertainment
Conclusion
References
12. AI Avatars in Immersive Environments for Communication Skill Training
Twinkle Sara Joseph, Biju Kunnumpurath, Anand Bhojan and Mahalakshmi J.
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Educational AI Avatars
12.1.2 AI Avatars as an Aid for Immersive Learning
12.1.3 Computer-Based Tutoring for Enhanced Learning
12.1.4 Defining AI Avatars
12.1.5 AI Avatars in Simulated Learning Environments
12.1.6 Impact of AI Avatar on Communication Skill Enhancement
12.1.7 Feedback Mechanism of AI Avatars
12.2 Data Analysis
12.3 Findings and Discussion
12.3.1 Realism in AI Avatar Simulations
12.3.1.1 Voice Modulation
12.3.1.2 Physical Appearance
12.3.1.3 Accuracy of AI Avatar Responses (Timely, Contextually Appropriate)
12.3.1.4 AI Avatar’s Ability to Express Emotions (Happiness, Frustration)
12.3.1.5 Impact of Simulation Settings in the Virtual Environment
12.3.1.6 Realism in Simulating an Interpersonal Scenario
12.3.1.7 Effective Simulations of Public Speaking Pressures
12.3.1.8 AI Avatars in Handling Conflict Resolution Scenarios
12.3.1.9 Scenario in Which AI Avatar Simulations are Accurate
12.3.1.10 Realism in AI Avatar’s Tone (Rhythm, Tone, Pitch)
12.3.1.11 Realism in Facial Expressions and Gestures of the AI Avatar
12.3.2 The Role of Verbal and Non-Verbal Cues in Virtual Space
12.3.2.1 AI Avatar-Based Interaction for the Improved Articulation of Communication
12.3.2.2 Improvement in the Pace of the Speech
12.3.2.3 Enhancement of Verbal Clarity in Communication
12.3.2.4 Maintaining Eye Contact after AI Avatar-Based Training
12.3.2.5 Aware of Body Language after Training
12.3.2.6 Effectively Use Facial Expressions after Training
12.3.2.7 Application of Non-Verbal Cues in Different Communication Scenarios
Effectively after Training
12.3.3 The Impact of Feedback Provided by the AI Avatars in the Virtual World
12.3.3.1 Effectiveness in Providing Constructive Feedback by Human Trainers and AI Avatars for Non-Verbal Communication
12.3.3.2 AI Avatars vs. Human Trainers
12.3.3.3 Rating of Experience in AI Avatars and Human Trainers
12.3.3.4 Impact of AI-Generated Feedback
12.3.3.5 AI Avatars in Identifying and Correcting Communication Errors
12.3.3.6 AI-Generated Feedback in Aiding Improvement in Communication Over Time
12.3.3.7 Immediacy of AI-Generated Feedback (Receiving Feedback in Real Time)
12.3.3.8 Tone of AI-Generated Feedback (Encouraging, Neutral, Critical)
12.3.3.9 Aspect of AI-Generated Feedback That is Most Effective
12.3.3.10 Comparison of Feedback from AI Avatars and Human Trainers
12.3.3.11 Type of Feedback that Impacted the Most (AI-Based or Human-Based)
12.3.4 Effectiveness of AI Avatar-Based Training
12.3.4.1 Specific Skill Enhancement after AI Avatar-Based Training (Public Speaking, Active Listening)
12.3.4.2 Improvement in Communication Using AI Avatars Compared to the Traditional Methods of Learning
12.3.4.3 Preference for Training Method (AI Avatar-Driven or Traditional Methods)
12.3.4.4 Application of Gained Skills from AI Avatar Training in Real-Life Situations
(Comparison with Traditional Methods of Learning)
12.4 Conclusion
References
13. The Role of VR and AR in Intelligent Computing: Applications in Psychology and Autism
S. Sajithabanu, S.T. Devika, S. Deeba and Jose Anand A.
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Background: VR, AR, and Intelligent Computing
13.3 Purpose and Scope
13.4 Literature Review
13.5 Methodology
13.6 Applications of VR and AR in Psychological Interventions
13.7 VR and AR in ASD Interventions
13.8 Case Studies and Research Findings
13.9 Challenges and Ethical Considerations
13.10 Proposed System
13.11 Experimental Results
13.11.1 Social Skills Development
13.11.2 Sensory Processing and Emotional Regulation
13.11.3 Behavioral Management and Adaptive Skills
13.11.4 Emerging Trends in AI-Driven VR/AR Interventions
13.11.5 Summary of Findings
13.12 Conclusion
13.13 Future Enhancements
References
14. Navigating 6G in Healthcare: A Review of Intelligent Systems, Challenges, and Future Trends
K. Gowri, B.L. Shivakumar and V. Kavitha
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 Context and Motivation
14.2 Intelligent Systems in Healthcare
14.2.1 Smart Medical Devices
14.2.2 Telemedicine and Virtual Care
14.2.3 Data Analytics and Decision Support
14.2.3.1 Predictive Analytics
14.3 Challenges in Implementing 6G in Healthcare
14.3.1 Infrastructure Limitations
14.3.2 Data Security and Privacy Concerns in 6G Healthcare
14.3.3 Interoperability Issues
14.3.4 Cost and Resource Constraints
14.4 Future Trends in 6G Healthcare Solutions
14.4.1 Enhanced Connectivity and Speed
14.4.2 AI and Machine Learning Integration
14.4.2.1 Intelligent Automation in Healthcare Workflows
14.4.2.2 Advancements in Personalized Medicine
14.4.3 Augmented and Virtual Reality in Healthcare
14.5 Case Studies
14.5.1 Comparison of 5G vs. 6G Implementations
14.6 Conclusion
References
15. Future of Medicine: Integrating VR, AR, and 6G
Akash Uttekar, Samaya Pillai, Abhijit Chirputkar and Venkatesh Iyengar
15.1 Introduction
15.1.1 6G Technology
15.1.2 5G Use in Healthcare: The Future is Present
15.2 Review of Earlier Work
15.3 Various Technologies Used
15.3.1 Digital Twin
15.3.2 Blockchain
15.3.3 AR/VR in Surgery
15.3.4 VR in Surgery
15.4 Use Cases
15.4.1 Current Trends and Future Directions
15.5 Conclusion
References
16. Perspective from Industry 5.0: The Use of AR and VR in Edge Computing for Sustainable Manufacturing
J. Shanthini, M. Shobana, R.M. Bhavadharini, V. Sampath and Karthi Palanisamy
16.1 Introduction
16.1.1 Introduction to Industry 5.0 and Sustainable Manufacturing
16.1.2 Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): Key Enablers of Industry 5.0
16.1.3 Role of Edge Computing in Industry 5.0
16.1.3.1 AR/VR and Edge – Long-Term Sustainability
16.1.3.2 Industrial Applications’ Advantages with Edge Computing
16.1.3.3 Edge Computing’s Contribution to Sustainability
16.2 Rising Role of AR/VR and Edge Computing in Industrial Automation
16.2.1 Predictive Maintenance and Remote Assistance
16.2.1.1 Use Case
16.2.2 Prototyping and Simulation
16.2.2.1 Use Case
16.2.3 Quality Control: Enhanced Product Inspection
16.2.3.1 PTC’s Vuforia Step Check
16.2.3.2 Porsche’s Inno Space, for Quality Management Work
16.2.4 Improved Supply Chain Efficiency through Time Tracking
16.3 Challenges and Future Directions
Conclusion
References
17. Efficient Mixed Tracking of AR and VR Applications
Rakesh Gnanasekaran and Gnanasankaran Natarajan
Introduction
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Mixed Based Reality
Sensor Involved Based Tracking
Vision-Involved Tracking
Features of Tracking System
Conclusion
Bibliography
18. Role of VR and AR in Industry 5.0 and Smart Manufacturing
S.R. Raja, B. Subashini, Gnanasankaran Natarajan and J. Relin Francis Raj
VR for Manufacturing
VR Prototyping
VR Factory Floor Planning
Safety Training with VR
Space Optimization and Layout Simulation
Inspection and Quality Control
VR in Marketing and Product Promotion
The Role of Virtual Reality (VR) in Modern Manufacturing
VR for Prototyping
Planning the Factory Floor with VR
Enhancing Safety Training
Optimizing Space and Workflow
Inspection and Quality Control
VR in Marketing and Customer Engagement
Virtual Reality in Manufacturing
AR in Manufacturing
Benefits of Virtual Reality in Manufacturing
Augmented Reality Use Cases
Advantages of Augmented Reality
Difference Between AR and VR
Different Types of Immersive User Experience Technologies
Types of Technology Are Used in Augmented Reality
Use Cases for AR in Smart Manufacturing
Logistics
Overcoming Challenges in AR Adoption
AR and VR in Industry 5.0 and Smart Manufacturing
Augmented Reality (AR)
Virtual Reality (VR)
How Virtual Reality (VR) is Transforming the Manufacturing Industry
VR Applications Beyond Manufacturing
Introduction to Augmented Reality (AR) in Manufacturing
Key Features of AR in Smart Manufacturing
Use Cases of Augmented Reality (AR) in Manufacturing
Conclusion
References
19. VR and AR Use Cases and Applications
C. P. Shirley, Immanuel Johnraja Jebadurai, Getzi Jeba Leelipushpam Paulraj and S. Thanga Helina
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Overview of VR and AR Technologies
19.3 Use Cases of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)
19.3.1 Gaming and Entertainment
19.3.2 Healthcare and Medicine
19.3.3 Education and Training
19.3.4 Real Estate and Architecture
19.3.5 Retail and E-Commerce
19.3.6 Other Notable Applications
19.4 Case Studies and Real-World Examples
19.5 Challenges and Limitations of VR and AR Applications
19.6 Future Trends and Opportunities
19.7 Conclusion
References
20. Transformative Impact of VR and AR: Future Trends and Challenges
M. T. Vasumathi, Manju Sadasivan and Asha V.
20.1 Introduction
20.1.1 Virtual Reality (VR)
20.1.2 Augmented Reality (AR)
20.2 Application Areas of Virtual Reality
20.2.1 Gaming and Environment
20.2.2 VR in Education and Training
20.2.3 Industrial Training
20.2.4 Virtual Reality in Rehabilitation and Therapy
20.2.5 VR in Military and Defense
20.2.6 VR in Real Estate and Architecture
20.2.7 VR in Tourism and Exploration
20.3 Applications of Augmented Reality
20.3.1 AR in Retail and E-Commerce
20.3.2 AR in Healthcare
20.3.3 AR in Navigation and Mapping
20.3.4 AR in Maintenance and Repair
20.3.5 AR in Marketing and Advertising
20.3.6 AR in Social Media
20.3.6.1 Benefits of Social Media Marketing
20.3.6.2 Opportunities and Ethical Challenges
20.3.6.3 Examples of AR in Social Media
20.3.7 Other Applications
20.4 AR/VR Use Cases
20.4.1 An Interactive Augmented Reality System for Teaching Lightwave Concepts
20.4.2 An Immersive Virtual Reality System for Personalized Chronic Pain Management
20.5 Challenges and Future Directions of AR and VR
20.6 Conclusion
References
Index
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