Discover the latest research in the field of natural rubber composites in this comprehensive guide to the fundamentals and applications of this innovative field.
Table of ContentsPreface
1. Natural Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites: State-of-the-Art, New Challenges, and OpportunitiesVisakh. P.M. and Shiv Kumari Panda
1.1 Natural Rubber–Bamboo Composites for Noise Control Applications
1.2 Natural Rubber-Based Bio-Composites and Bio-Nanocomposites
1.3 Mechanical, Dynamical/Mechanical, Electrical, and Thermal Properties of Natural Rubber‑Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites and their Applications
1.4 Biodegradation of Natural Rubber and their Composites and Nanocomposites
1.5 Radiative Protective Qualities of Natural Rubber‑Based Polymer Composites
1.6 The Use of Green Additives in Eco-Friendly Compounds Based on Natural Rubber
1.7 Natural Rubber Recycling: Advances, Limitations, and Applications
1.8 The Elastocaloric Effect of Natural Rubber
1.9 Natural Rubber-Based Composites and Nanocomposites
References
2. Natural Rubber-Bamboo Composites for Noise Control ApplicationsSamuel Eshorame Sanni, Denen Ashiekaa Vershima, Rotimi Emmanuel Sadiku, Babalola Aisosa Oni and Emeka Emmanuel Okoro
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Natural Rubber-Bamboo Composites: Preparation
2.3 Natural Bamboo Composite Characterization
2.3.1 Preparation of Natural Rubber
2.3.2 Uses of Rubber
2.4 Natural Rubber-Bamboo Composites: Noise Control Applications
2.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
3. Natural Rubber-Based Bio-Composites and Bio-NanocompositesJabulani I. Mnyango, Mandla V. Khumalo and Shanganyane P. Hlangothi
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Natural Fibers
3.1.2 Natural Rubber
3.2 Natural Rubber-Based Bio-Composites
3.3 Natural Rubber-Based Bio-Nanocomposites
3.3.1 Nanocomposites Definition
3.3.2 NR–Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites
3.3.3 NR–Cellulose Nanocomposites
3.3.4 NR–Lignin Nanocomposites
3.3.5 NR–Chitin Nanocomposites
3.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
4. Mechanical/Dynamical Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Properties of Natural Rubber-Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites and their ApplicationsSaheli Roy and Suneel Kumar Srivastava
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Processing Techniques of NR/CNT Nanocomposites
4.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), their Functionalization, and Dispersion
4.4 Properties of NR/CNT Nanocomposites
4.4.1 Mechanical Properties
4.4.2 Dynamic Mechanical Properties
4.4.3 Electrical Properties
4.4.4 Thermal Stability Behavior and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Analysis
4.5 Application of NR/CNT Nanocomposites
4.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
5. Biodegradation of Natural Rubber and their Composites and NanocompositesSamuel Eshorame Sanni, Praise Uma, Denen Ashiekaa Vershima, Rotimi Emmanuel Sadiku, Babalola Aisosa Oni and Emeka Emmanuel Okoro
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Biodegradation
5.3 Natural Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites
5.3.1 Carbon Black
5.3.2 Silica
5.3.3 Calcium Carbonate
5.3.4 Bio-Based Fillers
5.3.5 Carbon Nanotubes
5.3.6 Starch Nanocrystals
5.3.7 Nanocellulose
5.4 Biodegradation of Natural Rubber and its Composites and Nanocomposites
5.5 Conclusions
References
6. Radiative Protective Qualities of Natural Rubber Based Polymer CompositesM. R. Ambika, N. Nagaiah and M. B. Karthik Kumar
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Interaction of Nuclear Radiations with Matter
6.1.2 Interaction of Heavy Charged Particles with Matter
6.1.3 Interaction of Fast Electrons with Matter
6.1.4 Interaction of Neutrons with Matter
6.1.5 Interaction of Gamma Photons with Matter
6.2 Effects of Ionizing Radiations
6.3 Radiation Protection
6.3.1 Shielding of Alpha Particles
6.3.2 Shielding of Beta Particles
6.3.3 Shielding of Neutrons
6.3.4 Shielding of Protons and Heavy Ions
6.3.5 Shielding of Gamma Photons
6.3.6 Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding
6.3.6.1 Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Mechanism
6.4 EMI Shielding Materials
6.5 Gamma Ray Shielding Materials
6.5.1 NR Composites with Metals as Fillers
6.5.2 NR Composites with Metal Oxides as Fillers
6.6 Applications of Shielding Materials
6.6.1 EMI Shielding Materials
6.6.1.1 Electronics and Telecommunication
6.6.1.2 Military/Defense and Aerospace
6.6.1.3 Medical Applications
6.6.2 Gamma Ray Shielding Materials
6.6.2.1 Medical Applications
6.6.2.2 Industrial Applications
6.6.2.3 Agriculture
6.6.2.4 Space Applications
6.7 Conclusions
References
7. The Use of Green Additives in Eco-Friendly Compounds Based on Natural RubberAline Zanchet and Fabiula Danielli Bastos de Sousa
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The Use of Oils in Elastomeric Compounds
7.3 Plasticizers
7.4 Lubricants
7.5 Lubrication Mechanisms
7.6 Plasticizers and/or Alternative Lubricants
7.7 The Use of Fillers in Elastomeric Compounds
7.8 The Use of Other Additives in Elastomeric Compounds
7.9 Conclusions
References
8. Natural Rubber Recycling: Advances, Limitations, and ApplicationsFabiula Danielli Bastos de Sousa and Aline Zanchet
8.1 Introduction and General Aspects
8.2 Levels of Vulcanized Rubber Recycling
8.3 Devulcanization
8.4 Conclusions
References
9. Green Development of Natural Rubber-Based BiocompositesAzura A. Rashid and Norfatirah Muhamad Sarih
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Biodegradation
9.2.1 Biodegradation Polymer Overview
9.2.2 Natural Rubber (NR) Biodegradation
9.2.2.1 Microorganisms Involved in the Degradation of NR
9.2.3 Analysis of NR Degradation
9.3 Biodegradation of Natural Rubber and Their Composites
9.3.1 Biodegradation of NR/Cellulose Composite
9.3.2 Biodegradation of NR/Starch Composite
9.3.3 Biodegradation of NR with other Natural Fibers
9.4 Biodegradation of NR and their Nanocomposites
9.4.1 Biodegradation of NR/Nanocellulose Composite
9.4.2 Biodegradation of NR/Starch Nanocrystal Composite
9.5 Conclusions
References
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